Canada: Value of imports and exports for mineral and metal products, including fuels1, by stage2 and total economy3

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The series of pie charts illustrate the percentage of trade of mineral and metal products, including fuels, by trade type and stage of processing in 2025.

Total exports4, in millions of dollars

Year Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Total % of Total
Economy
2021 159,698 60,625 29,209 23,034 272,567 43.1%
2022 240,218 79,573 35,306 25,678 380,775 48.6%
2023 198,982 77,098 34,100 26,078 336,258 43.8%
2024 200,901 89,198 34,253 25,388 349,741 44.8%
20255 199,763 102,040 27,486 21,969 351,257 45.1%

Domestic exports6, in millions of dollars

Year Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Total % of Total
Economy
2021 159,537 60,477 28,130 20,459 268,602 46.1%
2022 240,082 79,118 33,776 22,703 375,678 51.4%
2023 198,876 75,379 32,373 23,014 329,642 46.3%
2024 200,796 87,765 32,256 21,817 342,634 47.4%
20255 199,451 101,279 25,985 18,568 345,283 47.9%

Total imports7, in millions of dollars

Year Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Total % of Total
Economy
2021 22,164 42,802 37,712 44,831 147,510 23.9%
2022 27,401 58,562 47,922 54,753 188,638 25.3%
2023 23,778 57,236 42,498 55,107 178,619 23.6%
2024 24,445 56,195 40,071 57,008 177,719 23.2%
20255 25,070 64,433 38,872 57,821 186,196 23.6%

Balance of trade8, in millions of dollars

Year Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Total
2021 137,533 17,823 -8,503 -21,797 125,057
2022 212,817 21,011 -12,616 -29,075 192,137
2023 175,204 19,862 -8,398 -29,029 157,639
2024 176,456 33,003 -5,818 -31,620 172,022
20255 174,693 37,607 -11,386 -35,852 165,061

Fuels

Fuels include products derived from coal, petroleum, natural gas and other fuels such as biodiesel and ethanol.

Stages

Mineral products are classified into four stages of processing:

  • Stage 1 (primary products) includes products from the mining industry including the discovery of ore, ore extraction and processing to the concentrate stage.
  • Stage 2 (smelting and refining products) includes products from metallurgical processes, which are relatively pure minerals, metals and alloys. Some activities related to this stage are smelting, refining, roasting, calcining etc.
  • Stage 3 (semi-fabricated products) includes semifinished and semi-fabricated products that are input in other industries, such as wire, sheets, strips, tubes and flat rolls.
  • Stage 4 (fabricated products) includes further processed products and final goods, such as metal structures and framing, hardware items, tools, cutlery and pipefittings.

Total economy

  • Total Economy (exports) is the sum of all merchandise (i.e. Harmonized System Chapters 1 to 99), exported by Canada.
  • Total Economy (imports) is the sum of all merchandise (i.e. Harmonized System Chapters 1 to 99), imported into Canada.

Total exports

Total exports are all goods leaving Canada (through customs) for a foreign destination. Total exports are the sum of domestic exports and re-exports.

2025

This calendar year was updated based on Statistics Canada's revised data release, 05 May 2026.

Domestic exports

Domestic exports are all goods grown, extracted, produced or manufactured in Canada, that leave Canada (through customs) for a foreign destination. Exported goods of foreign origin that have been materially transformed in Canada, are also known as domestic exports.

Total imports

Total imports are all goods which have entered Canada by crossing the border, whether for immediate domestic consumption or for storage in customs bonded warehouses. They include re-imports, which are goods re-entering Canada after having been exported abroad without having been materially altered or substantially enhanced in value while abroad.

Balance of trade

Balance of trade is the difference between the monetary value of Canada’s imports and exports over a certain period. It is calculated by subtracting imports from total exports.

Note: Numbers may not add to totals due to rounding.

Contact information

For any questions, contact the Minerals and Metals Statistics Division:
Email: miningstats-statsminieres@nrcan-rncan.gc.ca
Web site: https://mmsd.nrcan-rncan.gc.ca/trad-comm/sta-eng.aspx

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