Canada: Value of imports and exports for mineral and metal products, excluding fuels1, by stage2 and total economy3

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The series of pie charts illustrate the percentage of trade of mineral and metal products, excluding fuels, by trade type and stage of processing in 2025.

Total exports4, in millions of dollars

Year Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Total % of Total
Economy
2021 35,629 41,014 23,856 22,146 122,645 19.4%
2022 44,582 50,547 27,703 24,572 147,403 18.8%
2023 38,323 52,524 28,425 24,798 144,070 18.8%
2024 34,508 62,905 28,526 24,344 150,282 19.2%
20255 38,135 77,409 22,478 21,578 159,601 20.5%

Domestic exports6, in millions of dollars

Year Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Total % of Total
Economy
2021 35,563 40,932 22,794 19,574 118,863 20.4%
2022 44,467 50,128 26,195 21,600 142,391 19.5%
2023 38,287 50,923 26,721 21,737 137,669 19.3%
2024 34,463 61,510 26,553 20,776 143,301 19.8%
20255 38,053 76,826 20,989 18,179 154,048 21.4%

Total imports7, in millions of dollars

Year Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Total % of Total
Economy
2021 11,356 19,375 31,876 43,427 106,035 17.2%
2022 12,603 22,095 37,657 52,438 124,793 16.8%
2023 13,534 23,924 31,832 52,652 121,943 16.1%
2024 14,899 23,463 30,289 55,377 124,027 16.2%
20255 13,382 34,370 29,693 56,930 134,375 17.0%

Balance of trade8, in millions of dollars

Year Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Total
2021 24,273 21,639 -8,020 -21,282 16,610
2022 31,978 28,452 -9,954 -27,866 22,610
2023 24,788 28,600 -3,407 -27,854 22,127
2024 19,609 39,441 -1,763 -31,033 26,255
20255 24,754 43,039 -7,215 -35,351 25,226

Fuels

Fuels include products derived from coal, petroleum, natural gas and other fuels such as biodiesel and ethanol.

Stages

Mineral products are classified into four stages of processing:

  • Stage 1 (primary products) includes products from the mining industry including the discovery of ore, ore extraction and processing to the concentrate stage.
  • Stage 2 (smelting and refining products) includes products from metallurgical processes, which are relatively pure minerals, metals and alloys. Some activities related to this stage are smelting, refining, roasting, calcining etc.
  • Stage 3 (semi-fabricated products) includes semifinished and semi-fabricated products that are input in other industries, such as wire, sheets, strips, tubes and flat rolls.
  • Stage 4 (fabricated products) includes further processed products and final goods, such as metal structures and framing, hardware items, tools, cutlery and pipefittings.

Total economy

  • Total Economy (exports) is the sum of all merchandise (i.e. Harmonized System Chapters 1 to 99), exported by Canada.
  • Total Economy (imports) is the sum of all merchandise (i.e. Harmonized System Chapters 1 to 99), imported into Canada.

Total exports

Total exports are all goods leaving Canada (through customs) for a foreign destination. Total exports are the sum of domestic exports and re-exports.

2025

This calendar year was updated based on Statistics Canada's revised data release, 12 March 2026.

Domestic exports

Domestic exports are all goods grown, extracted, produced or manufactured in Canada, that leave Canada (through customs) for a foreign destination. Exported goods of foreign origin that have been materially transformed in Canada, are also known as domestic exports.

Total imports

Total imports are all goods which have entered Canada by crossing the border, whether for immediate domestic consumption or for storage in customs bonded warehouses. They include re-imports, which are goods re-entering Canada after having been exported abroad without having been materially altered or substantially enhanced in value while abroad.

Balance of trade

Balance of trade is the difference between the monetary value of Canada’s imports and exports over a certain period. It is calculated by subtracting imports from total exports.

Note: Numbers may not add to totals due to rounding.

Contact information

For any questions, contact the Minerals and Metals Statistics Division:
Email: Mineral Trade Statistics Office
Web site: Mineral and Mining Statistics
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